Description

Romanticism broke the hierarchical chain of thought permeated into the society of human being and indeed initiated a new and unprecedented process of thought. Morse Peckham has coined the term "dynamic organicism" and "static mechanism" to describe and distinguish between these two ways of thoughts. Considering "dynamic organicism" as the prominent way of thought in romantic era, he subcategorized it into positive and negative romanticism to better illustrates the works of different romantic writers. As a result, he considers the concept of Byronic hero as the way of symbolizing the state of negative romanticism. In a parallel way, the concept of Byronic hero is explored through Nima Yushij's Afsaneh in the context of Persian modern poetry. In this case, Nima Yushij, the father of modern Persian poetry, has changed the long-establishing way of thinking about poetry by bringing about the same shift of thought as the romantics did. Finally, an attempt is made to prove that Nima's two characters, the lover and Afsaneh, in Afsaneh conveys the same concept of romantic's Byronic hero and spirit respectively.